The purpose of this study was to conduct an experimental investigation of deColorization of effluents by the electrocoagulation method. Removal of Eriochrome black T from solution in a batch system was investigated using different voltages (10, 20, 30 volt), electrodes (Al, Fe), electrode distances (2, 4 cm), electrolysis times (0 to 30 min.), and pH levels (3.5, 7, 11). Experimental results showed that removal efficiency depended on electrolysis time and applied current. The experiments carried out at 30V and pH=3.5 further revealed that Color removal efficiencies of Fe and Al electrodes over a period of 30 minutes were 96% and 86%, respectively.

In this study, changes in Color index (CI), refractive index (RI) and viscosity in a range of commonly frying oils during frying process were investigated, and their performance compared to the carbonyl value (CV) as a reference method in monitoring of the quality of frying oils was evaluated. It was observed that the CI of the frying oils linearly increased with frying time. The initial CI of frying oils was 0.36±0.15 on average, and it reached 1.73±0.24 after 48 h of the frying process. The CI had a linear relationship with the CV with a high determination coefficient, R2=0.97, during the frying process. Assuming that the limit of acceptance for the CV is 43.50mmol/g, this roughly corresponded to 1.12 for the CI. As the oxidation accelerated by heat proceeded, the value of RI linearly increased. On average, the RI of the frying oils changed from 1.468313±0.00051 (0 h) to 1.469671±0.00032 (48 h). The RI of the frying oils showed a high correlation with the CV (R2=0.94). Assuming that the maximum level permitted for the CV is 43.50 µmol/g, the RI of a frying oil should be£1.469075. Viscosity of the frying oils at 30°C increased with time and changed from 45.11±13.84 mPa s (0 h) to 75.03±12.47mPa s (48 h) on average. There was a strong correlation (R2=0.96) between the viscosity and CV of the frying oils. If 43.50 µmol/g of CV is the maximum level permitted in frying oils, viscosity of a frying oil should be£74.78mPa s at 30oC.

Background and objectives: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common mononeuropathy encountered in clinical practice. Conventional electro diagnosis studies have been useful in the diagnosis of this condition. The Terminal Latency index (TLI) is a derived neurophysiological value that adjusts the Distal motor Latency (DL) for the terminal distance and motor nerve Conduction Velocity (CV).Several studies have suggested utility of the median TLI for diagnosis of CTS.The goal of this study is to evaluate prospectively the sensitivity of the median TLI in the diagnosis of CTS and compare it with other electrodiagnosis techniques.Material and Methods: This study was done on 111 patients as CTS group & 62 healthy subject as control group. In all groups five selected tests of electrodiagnosis were done and all of them were compared with TLI sensitivity.Results: The mean TLI was 0.3±0.05 in the CTS group and 0.42±0.03 in the control group. The sensitivity of TLI was 73% The TLI wasn't statistically better than the other tests, but in three cases from the CTS group, the TLI was the only abnormal test.The 7 and 14 cm method had meaningful sensitivity in contrary to other tests.Conclusion: The sensitivity of TLI has no meaningful difference with other routine electro diagnostic tests in diagnosis of CTS.The median TLI is a useful but not more sensitive electrodiagnostic test for CTS.

Introduction: Three methods of OCRA index, Strain index (SI), and ACGIH HAL have been proposed for the assessment of risk factors of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Investigating the correlation and consistency of these three methods are of prominence importance in the workplaces. Thus, this study aimed to determine the correlations of the results of the above mentioned methods. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 150 tasks were studied in four industries. For each task, a video taping of a full working cycle was prepared and evaluated according to the instructions of each method. The level of risk exposure to musculoskeletal disorders was analyzed with correlation and Kappa agreement coefficient tests using SPSS (version 16) and R software packages.Results: The correlation between the results of risk assessments of OCRA and SI methods for right and left hands were acceptable and equal to 0.751 and 0.726, respectively (p<0.001). Meanwhile, the coefficients of agreement between OCRA and HAL methods for left and right hands were 0.526 and 0.595, respectively.Conclusion: These findings partly confirmed the agreement between the methods of risk assessment. The origin of this partial agreement can be the number and type of variables and their impacts on the final score of the methods.

Background: Varicocele is one of the leading causes of infertility in men. Resistance index (RI) in testis is a parameter indicating parenchymal perfusion and microvascular functions. Increased RI in the testis of patients with varicocele might be a sign of impairments in microvascularization and a significant decrease in testicular perfusion. In the present study, RI in capsular and intraparenchymal testicular arteries was evaluated in patients with varicocele who underwent varicocelectomy. Methods: This prospective cohort study was performed in 2019-2020 in Guilan, Iran. Sixty-six patients were included. Semen analysis was also done before surgeries. Patients with at least one disorder in semen analysis entered the study. RI in testicular arteries was measured by an experienced radiologist before surgeries. Six months after varicocelectomy, all patients underwent the same semen analysis and ultrasound imaging. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The tests for analysis included McNemar Test and Wilcoxon and p<0. 005 was considered as the significance level. Results: According to the results, 42 patients (63. 6%) had positive changes in sperm analysis after surgeries. Sperm analysis showed a significant increase in number, concentration, morphology, and motility of sperm after surgeries (p<0. 001). Further measurements of capsular and intratesticular RI in all patients also indicated a significant decrease (p<0. 001). Conclusion: Increased RI might be associated with impaired microperfusion in testis followed by impairments in semen. Moreover, mean capsular and intratesticular RI in patients decreased after surgeries and this decrease was significantly more in patients who had improvement in their semen parameters.

Introduction: J.E.Hirsch introduced H index to scientometric domain, representing actual scientific profitability quality of a researcher’s publications; and is equal to effective index for researchers. Literature review: Studies showed that documents database have provided different H scores for each researcher and for different scientific fields. Despite the utmost advantages of H-index it also have some flaws such as need to use complementary indices such as m, r, g index. Conclusions: The strength point of H index, is its ability to use in limited levels which is an complementary for other bibliomeetric exist indexes. This index, with others, could be a suit index to improvement scientific levels for researchers, scientist, and scientific board members.